旅館業永續環境的環保方法－環保旅館38項實踐之道

Sustainable Solutions for Green Hotels旅館業永續環境的環保方法－環保旅館38項實踐之道

英文資料來源：非營利組織Global Stewards「全球管家」https://www.globalstewards.org/hotel.htm

 野FUN生態實業公司 賴鵬智譯   陶維極審校

 This page lists sustainable practices that hotels can implement. Hotels can keep up to date on green lodging news at greenlodgingnews.com. If you would like to encourage hotels you stay at to implement these ideas, consider printing this information and dropping it off at the front desk or mailing it in with the hotel’s comment card.

底下提供飯店業者為永續環境資源而可以採行的環保方法，您可以在greenlodgingnews.com看到最新資訊。若您有興趣鼓勵您留宿的飯店也跟進，您可以考慮列印這份資訊給櫃臺人員或是裝在飯店意見回函中寄給飯店。

1.Start a linen (both towels and sheets) reuse program in all guest rooms.

推動住宿多日的遊客重複使用毛巾與床單，減少每天換洗的耗水量與能源。

2.Install low-flow showerheads and sink aerators.

使用省水型的蓮蓬頭並在洗手槽的水龍頭加裝起泡器，減少用水量。

3.Switch to low-flow toilets or install toilet-tank fill diverters. To learn more about low-flow toilets, go to www.plmg.com/crtoilet.htm.

使用省水型馬桶或裝設可讓洗手槽用水流到馬桶水箱的控制閥。

4.Switch to compact fluorescent light bulbs in guestrooms, lobbies, and hallways. Use sensors and/or timers for areas that are infrequently used.

以省電燈泡取代客房、接待大廳及走廊的白熾燈泡，並在較不常使用的區域以感應器或定時器控制光源。

（譯按：日光燈比省電燈泡省電，不應該更換成省電燈泡，只有傳統式的白熾燈泡需要換裝省電燈泡。不過傳統日光燈如果在需要汰換時換裝成T5省電型日光燈，則就更加省電環保。）

5.Whenever possible, buy food and guest amenities in bulk (i.e., use refillable hair and skin care dispensers).

儘可能購買可以分裝的食物與客房備品（例如補充式洗髮精、沐浴乳等）

6.Educate your staff to turn off lights and turn down heating/air conditioning when rooms are unoccupied. Also, during summer months, to close the drapes.

要求員工在沒人待的房間應該關閉電燈及調降冷暖空調，夏日季節應該拉窗簾阻擋日溫以降低冷氣需求。

7.Install window film to lower heating and cooling loads and reduce glare in guestrooms.

在窗戶張貼隔熱紙以降低室內的冷熱負荷，也可減少客房刺眼的陽光。

8.Provide guestroom recycler baskets for newspaper, white paper, glass, aluminum, cardboard, and plastic.

在客房設置回收籃回收報紙、報告、玻璃瓶、鋁罐、厚紙板及塑膠製品等。

9.Provide recycling bins both in public areas (i.e., poolside), in the kitchen, and in the back office (including one at each desk) to make recycling as easy as possible.

在公共區域（如游泳池畔）、廚房、行政部門辦公室設置回收筒，讓資源回收更容易。

10.Buy office and guest amenity products that contain recycled material.

購買含有回收材質成分的辦公或服務設備。

11.Buy organic, fair trade, cruelty-free guest amenity products whenever possible:

l          bedding (www.organiccottondirectory.net  and www.fairtradefederation.org)

l          hair and body care (www.ecomall.com/biz/body.htm and www.caringconsumer.com/resources_companies.asp)

l          coffee and tea (www.transfairusa.org)

l          etc.

儘可能購買有機、公平交易、（對動物）免於殘酷的客房備品：例如寢具、洗髮精、沐浴乳、咖啡、茶葉及其他。

12.Use recycled paper products (with high post-consumer recycled content) that are either unbleached or bleached using a chlorine-free process. Minimize the amount of paper used for each guest (i.e., reduce paper size of invoices, etc.). Print with soy-based inks.

使用未經漂白或不使用氯化物漂白的再生紙製品（而且具高比例的回收紙含量）；用在每位房客的紙量降到最低（例如減少發票的面積）；用大豆油墨印刷。

（譯按：為減少再生紙漂白時所需之化學藥品用量及耗水量，再生紙最好只用在信封、信紙、便條紙、紙箱、紙板、衛生紙等初階用途上，不建議使用在彩色印刷之文化用書上。）

13.Use nontoxic or least toxic cleaners, sanitizers, paints, pesticides, etc. throughout the hotel. Make sure all chemicals are stored safely in a well-ventilated area.

使用無毒或最低毒性之清潔劑、消毒殺菌劑、油漆、殺蟲劑等。確保所有化學物品都安全存放在通風良好的位置。

14.Purchase “Energy Star” appliances wherever possible. Replace old washing machines with both water and energy conserving models.

儘可能購買有環保標章（如國際性的「能源之星」標章）的設備。使用節水節電的洗衣機。

（譯按：請參考台灣的能源之星網站https://www.energystar.org.tw/）

15.If the hotel has a pool and/or hot tub, install a solar water heating system and use pool and hot tub covers when the pool area is closed.

飯店若有溫水游泳池，最好裝設太陽能加熱系統，並在休息時間為游泳池及熱水管加蓋以減少溫度逸散。

16.Provide your guests with bicycles, walking maps, and information on public transportation.

提供腳踏車、步行地圖及大眾交通資訊給房客。

17.Provide reusable items such as cloth napkins, glass cups, ceramic dishes, etc. with all food and beverage services.

以可重複使用的布巾、玻璃杯、瓷盤等提供餐飲服務。

18.Provide glass cups and ceramic mugs (instead of plastic) for in-room beverages. Place cups and mugs upside down on paper doilies (instead of covering opening with a plastic wrapping).

以玻璃杯、陶杯提供客房飲料服務（取代塑膠杯）。將杯口朝下放置在紙杯墊取代杯口朝上的塑膠封套。

19.Use daylight exclusively in your lobby, bar, and restaurant for as much of the day as possible. Consider installing skylights if needed.

儘可能在大廳、酒吧與餐廳使用自然光線，如有需要可以裝設天窗。

20.Donate leftover food to a local nonprofit organization and/or use a compost bin.

將剩下的食物捐給當地非營利組織，或用來堆肥。

21.If your hotel has a restaurant, consider transitioning it into a Certified Green Restaurant (www.dinegreen.com) or Certified Green Commercial Kitchen (www.foodservicewarehouse.com). Buy organic, locally-grown food and/or plant an organic garden to provide fresh produce for your guests.

若設有餐廳，可以考慮申請綠色餐廳或綠色廚房認證（指美國）。購買有機、在地生產的食材及栽植有機花園以提供房客新鮮農產品。

22.Switch to drought resistant native plants in garden areas. Replace mowed landscaping with native ground cover.

在花園選種耐旱的（台灣）原生植物。保留原來的地面植被，不要除草後光禿一片（或是水泥一片）的景觀。

23.Replace exit signs with Light Emitting Diode (LED) exit signs.

出口標示使用LED燈以減少耗電。

24.Include filter changes, coil cleaning, thermostat calibration, and damper adjustments in your ongoing maintenance plan.

維護管理計畫中包括定期更換過濾設施、清理線圈灰塵、檢視溫度調節器、濕度調節器等。

25.Monitor, record and post rates of energy and water use. Make repairs or replace equipment when rate changes indicate problems.

要監控、記錄及公布用水用電量。如果數據變化顯示水電設備有問題應即維修或更換。

26.Use an energy management system (EMS) to tie in air handling units, HVAC, and lighting to prevent conditioning space when it is not necessary.

使用能源管理系統 (energy management system, EMS)監控空調箱、暖氣、通風、空調及照明等系統依實際需求運作，以免浪費能源。

27.Create an incentive program to encourage your staff to participate in and improve upon environmentally-friendly practices.

制訂獎勵方案鼓勵員工加入及改進友善環境的措施。

28.Use proper insulation and reflective roof coverings.

屋頂使用可隔熱及反射熱的材質。

29.When doing construction or remodeling projects, contact the U.S. Green Building Council (www.usgbc.org) to learn about the nationally accepted standards for green buildings (called LEED). Buy previously used or recycled-content products whenever possible.

新建或重新裝潢時，請接洽社團法人台灣綠建築發展協會（https://www.taiwangbc.org.tw/chinese/index.php）或財團法人台灣建築中心（https://www.tabc.org.tw/index.php）瞭解綠建築相關規範。儘可能採購二手或回收再利用的材料。

30.Consult outside sources to evaluate the total system when replacing major mechanical equipment (such as chiller, water tower, etc). Often, this can lead to downsizing and other opportunities to reduce both the initial investment and operating costs.

當要更換主要機械設施（如冰水機、水塔等）時，諮詢外部專家意見以評估整個系統之需求，通常可以降低量體，也可同時減少投資與營運成本。

31.Replace electric package terminal air conditioner (PTAC) units with more efficient heat pumps or other geothermal technologies.

以更有效率的熱汞或地熱科技取代電力來運轉分離式空調機。

（譯按：地熱利用在台灣尚不可行）

32.Donate leftover guest amenities, old furniture, and appliances to charities.

將不再繼續使用但堪用的器材、舊家具及用品等捐給慈善機構。

33.If available, schedule an energy audit through your local energy provider.

如有可能，請電力公司定期檢查電力系統。

34.If your hotel has a gift shop, consider purchasing fair trade products.

如果飯店設有禮品部，建議販賣公平交易商品，請參閱北美的公平交易聯盟網站https://www.fairtradefederation.org/ht/d/Home/pid/175

35.Offer discounted rates to sustainable living/environmental organizations who would like stay at and/or hold meetings at your hotel.

給環保人士或團體折扣優惠，他們會樂於在你的飯店留宿或開會。

以下是由陶維極老師以中英文撰寫，增加原文沒有的三項環保建議：

36.Reduce light pollution. Turn off unnecessary lights and large signs. Remove spotlights on trees, shrubs, waterfalls, or other outdoor objects. Point all outdoor lighting down; never shine lights upwards.

減少光害。不需要的燈、大招牌的燈儘量不要開。撤除所有照樹木花草瀑布等戶外物的照明。所有戶外照明應往下射；燈光絕勿往上照。

37.Replace leaf blowers with eco-friendly brooms. Leaf blowers create noise pollution, impair the health of the user and all those in the immediate vicinity, and cause severe air pollution. A typical leaf blower used for half an hour creates as much air pollution as a typical family car does driving at 40 kph for 10,000 kilometers.

以掃帚取代所有吹葉機。吹葉機造成噪音污染、嚴重傷害使用者與周圍人士的健康、並且造成嚴重空氣污染。一台普通的吹葉機操作半小時所造成的空氣污染，相當於一般轎車時速四十公里開壹萬公里。

38.Reduce noise pollution. Permit loudspeakers, microphones, and karaoke only in enclosed, soundproof rooms. Remove all outdoor loudspeakers.

減少噪音污染。限制擴音器、喇叭、麥克風、卡拉OK在緊密、隔音房間內。撤除所有戶外擴音器、喇叭。

 Resources: 原文參考來源：

·                    Descriptions of available hotel certification programs (https://www.bostongreentourism.org/Certification_Programs.html)

·                    EPA’s Energy Star for Hospitality (www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=hospitality.bus_hospitality)

·                    Green Seals Lodging Certification (https://www.greenseal.org/programs/lodging.cfm)

·                    U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED Certification (https://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=64)

·                    EcoLogo for Accomodation Facilities (from TerraChoice and Audubon International) (https://www.ecologo.org/en/seeourcriteria/details.asp?ccd_id=365)

·                    Green Globe 21 – Sustainable 21st Century Tourism (www.greenglobe21.com)

·                    “Green” Hotels Association (www.greenhotels.com)

·                    Environmentally Sound Hotel Management Links (excellent resource) (pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/~epados/hotel/src/contact_ww.htm)

·                    Books on ecotourism and sustainable tourism.

·                    Great example of a green hotel: www.orchardgardenhotel.com.

 

第37條參考來源：

American Green: the Obsessive Quest for the Perfect Lawn, by Ten Steinberg, Norton, 2006

P8: “Using a gas-powered leaf blower for half an hour creates as many polluting hydrocarbon emissions as driving a car 7,700 miles at a speed of 30 miles per hour.”