ASEAN是東南亞國家協會(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)的縮寫,中文一般簡稱「東協」,目前由十個東南亞國家組成,分別是汶萊、柬埔寨、印尼、寮國、馬來西亞、緬甸、菲律賓、新加坡、泰國與越南,每年舉辦一次東南亞觀光論壇,討論東南亞所有觀光產業的議題,合作推動將東南亞區域整合為一個觀光旅遊區,爭取國際觀光客到訪,促進經濟發展。2016東協觀光論壇(ASEAN Tourism Forum 2016) 於2016年1月18-25日在菲律賓馬尼拉市舉行,會中通過「2016-2025東協觀光發展策略及行動方案」(ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan (ATSP) 2016 – 2025),我摘譯重點如下:(如有翻譯不當或誤解原文之處,敬請不吝指正。)
東協在未來十年的觀光發展願景是:
希望在2025年以前,東協將是個高品質觀光區,提供獨特的、多樣化的東南亞旅遊經驗,同時力行負責任、可持續性、全方位及均衡的觀光發展,以期對東協人民作出顯著的社會經濟福利貢獻。
In this context, the vision for ASEAN tourism over the next decade to 2025 is:
“By 2025, ASEAN will be a quality tourism destination offering a unique, diverse
ASEAN experience, and will be committed to responsible, sustainable, inclusive
and balanced tourism development, so as to contribute significantly to the socioeconomic
well-being of ASEAN people.”
「2016-2025東協觀光發展策略及行動方案」期望在2025年以前達成以下目標:
- 東協觀光收入佔GDP從12%提高到15%
- 觀光從業人數佔整體就業率從3.7%提升到7%
- 國際觀光客人均消費從美金877元提升到1,500元
- 旅宿單位數量從每百人0.51單位提升到0.60單位
- 獲得東協觀光標準認證的業者數量由86個提升到300個
- 觀光價值鍊中讓社區獲益的數量由43個提升到超過300個
Given that the strategic programs and projects are fully resourced and implemented, it is anticipated that by 2025:
• The GDP contribution of ASEAN tourism could increase from 12% to 15%.
• Tourism’s share of total employment could increase from 3.7% to 7%.
• Per capita spending by international tourists could increase from US$ 877 to US$ 1,500.
• Increase the average length of stay of international tourist arrivals from 6.3 nights to 8 nights.
• The number of accommodation units could increase from 0.51 units per 100 head of population in ASEAN to 0.60 units per 100 head of population.
• The number of awardees for the ASEAN tourism standards could increase from 86 to 300.
• The number of community-based tourism value chain project interventions could increase from 43 to over 300.
2016-2025東南亞國家協會(東協)觀光發展策略及行動方案圖示
2016-2025東南亞國家協會(東協)觀光發展策略及行動方案中英對照
ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan (ATSP) 2016-2025
賴鵬智翻譯
策略一:強化競爭力使東協成為單一旅遊目的地 Strategic Direction 1: To Enhance The Competitiveness of ASEAN As A Single Tourism Destination |
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項次 No |
策略行動 Strategic Action |
做法 Activities |
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1.1 |
加強市場行銷 Intensify Promotion And Marketing |
強化東協觀光統計架構 1.1.1 Enhance the ASEAN tourism statistical framework |
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擴大東協區域景點行銷計畫 1.1.2 Expand the ASEAN regional destination-marketing program |
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1.2 |
觀光產品多樣化 Diversify Tourism Products |
持續推動目前的觀光產品,並尋求新的產品及市場定位。 1.2.1 Complete the ongoing and identify new product development and marketing approaches |
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支持發展東協次區域的景點/遊程,以促成更多觀光成果。 1.2.2 Support the development of ASEAN sub-regional destinations/corridors targeting more inclusive tourism outcomes |
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1.3 |
吸引觀光投資 Attract Tourism Investments |
擬定東協觀光投資計畫,載明投資項目以吸引資金投入觀光建設及產品。 1.3.1 Prepare an ASEAN tourism investment program that identifies investment corridors where the convergence and consolidation of investments in tourism infrastructure and products will take place |
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促進更多的觀光服務自由化 1.3.2 Promote further liberalization of tourism services |
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1.4 |
提升觀光人力資本的質與量 Raise Capacity and Capability of Tourism Human Capital |
繼續執行東協觀光專業人才相互承認協議 1.4.1 Continue the implementation of the ASEAN mutual recognition arrangement on tourism professionals (MRA-TP) |
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在東協觀光資源管理及發展網絡協定之下準備並實施東協觀光人力資源發展方案 1.4.2 Prepare and implement the ASEAN tourism human resources development plan in coordination with the ASEAN tourism resources management and development network (ATRM) |
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1.5 |
開展東協觀光設施、服務與景點標準 Implement and Expand ASEAN Tourism Standards for Facilities, Services And Destinations |
調和與推展東協觀光標準認證系統到會員國的政策、法規及人力資源發展架構 1.5.1 Promote the adoption and implementation of the ASEAN tourism standards certification system into the policy and regulatory and tourism HRD framework of the Member States |
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建構與實施新的東協觀光標準 1.5.2 Identify and implement new ASEAN tourism standards |
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研議東協旅客權益保護準則 1.5.3 Develop ASEAN tourist protection guidelines |
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1.6 |
開展彼此串連及景點本身的公共建設 Implement and Expand Connectivity and Destination Infrastructure |
改善東協空運串連以實現東協單一航空市場目標 1.6.1 Enhance ASEAN Air Connectivity by supporting implementation of the ASEAN Single Aviation Market (ASAM) |
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強化海洋與河流旅運設施以發展河海觀光 1.6.2 Promote the development of cruise and river tourism including its infrastructure for sea and river cruise |
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相互承認駕照以促成東協會員國間的跨國自駕遊 1.6.3 Implement the Agreement on the Recognition of Domestic Driving Licenses issued by ASEAN Countries to promote drive/overland tourism across ASEAN |
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發展主要遊程間的公路網 1.6.4 Promote the development of road connectivity along major tourism corridors |
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1.7 |
改善旅行便利性 Enhance Travel Facilitation |
撰擬白皮書以實現東協會員國間及國際旅行的便利性(2002東協觀光協定第2章) 1.7.1 Prepare white paper to implement the facilitation of intra-ASEAN and international travel (Article 2 of ASEAN Tourism Agreement 2002) |
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策略二:確保東協觀光可持續及全方位的發展 Strategic Direction 2: To Ensure That ASEAN Tourism Is Sustainable And Inclusive |
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項次 No |
策略行動 Strategic Action |
做法 Activities |
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2.1 |
提升觀光價值鍊中在地社區及公私部門的參與 Upgrade Local Communities and Public-Private Sector Participation in the Tourism Value Chain |
開展與執行在地社區及私部門參與觀光發展的策略 2.1.1 Develop and implement the strategy on participation of local communities and private sectors in tourism development |
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2.2 |
優先保護與管理世界遺產地,確保安全與保安 Ensure Safety and Security, Prioritize Protection and Management of Heritage Sites |
與官方機構及組織合作以協助東協重要旅遊地的安全、保安及保護 2.2.1 Work with official bodies and organizations in support of safety, security, and protection of key destinations in ASEAN |
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與官方機構及組織合作以協助保護與管理世界遺產地 2.2.2 Work with official bodies and organizations in support of the protection and management of heritage sites |
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2.3 |
增進環境保護與氣候變遷的投注 Increase Responsiveness to Environmental Protection and Climate Change |
與官方機構及組織合作致力環境保護並提升對氣候變遷的投注 2.3.1 Work with official bodies and organizations to address environmental, and enhance climate change responsiveness |
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編製結合環境保護與氣候變遷之減緩、調適及恢復的指導方針 2.3.2 Prepare a manual of guidelines for incorporating environment and climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience |
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以下是幾張圖表,請參考:
圖1:2001年至2014年國際觀光客到東協會員國旅遊的數量(單位:百萬)
圖2:2010年及2014年東協旅客數佔全球及亞太地區旅客數比率
圖3:2010年及2014年東協觀光收入佔全球及亞太地區觀光收入比率
圖4:2014年在東協國家旅遊之遊客來源分析,東協成員46%,亞洲非東協成員30%,歐洲12%,大洋洲4%,美洲4%,其他4%。
表1:預估2020年、2025年及2030年到東南亞旅遊的國際觀光客數量
延伸閱讀:
ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan (ATSP) 2016 – 2025
本部落格「生態旅遊或觀光遊憩」專欄各文